Whenever the use of resources from the environment is involved, Economic, Ecological and Social issues must be incorporated into the analysis, in addition to examination of Institutional structures necessary to apply them. It then becomes necessary to include Ethics in the discussion. To bring these together requires a Systems approach and Stakeholder involvement, of a type that is beginning to be recognised under the generic name Ecological Economics or Biophysical Economics. This approach includes integration of physical tools into policy making for future economy-environment-development opportunities. It also involves study of issues relating to the sustainability of resource management methods, including those used by tangata whenua (Maori, the indigenous peoples of Aotearoa-New Zealand).